Let's sum it up. A little bit about self-citation
Posted: Sun Dec 22, 2024 5:51 am
Primary and secondary citation
A common mistake when writing an article is not distinguishing between primary and secondary citations. Having selected an idea from another scientific work, you need to figure out whether it belongs to the author or whether he quoted a colleague. If you do not do this, it will turn out that one person’s idea will be attributed to another, and this is a violation of copyright.
Hence the rule: it is necessary to quote the author, and not the one who used his thoughts when writing his article.
If there is no access to the original source or it is unknown, and in a scientific article it is necessary to focus attention on a certain idea, then you can format the citation differently. At the end of the sentence, put brackets and write "cit. by:" inside, and indicate the source of borrowing. If the original source is known, you can indicate both it and the secondary source from which the idea was taken (example in the picture).
Another important nuance is self-citation in poland number for whatsapp scientific articles. If the author cites his thoughts and ideas in the text, it is also better to format them as citations, i.e. put a link to the relevant work. The absence of a source will not be a mistake, but in the scientific community it is not welcomed.
Regardless of whether the author cites himself or other researchers, it is important to avoid excessive borrowing. This will help make the work independent, confirm its novelty, which is substantiated in the introduction to the scientific article . The second important rule is to take into account all the nuances of citation, which will help to avoid unintentional plagiarism and strictly observe copyright.World ranking of universities in Russia and abroad. Where is it worth studying?
Top 6 best universities in Russia and the world. Brief overview, features of submitting documents, stories and student advice for successful admission.
There are various authoritative university rankings on the Internet, and each of them may rank institutions differently. The overall composition of the top 50 in various sources coincides by 60-70%, since the assessment is carried out according to different criteria. The ranking of the best universities in the world is based on the version of the British rating agency Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), which annually presents its top higher education institutions to the world. As of 2021, more than 1,300 universities from 158 countries were assessed. Several factors were taken into account for each educational institution:
opinion of the academic community;
expert reviews;
student to faculty ratio;
citation index;
number of foreign teachers and students.
Russian universities are also included in the Quacquarelli Symond rating along with other higher education institutions of the world. Let's consider the 3 best foreign universities and the 3 most popular Russian universities. The latter are listed in the order in which they are indicated by the agency in their rating. You can read the full version yourself on the website www.topuniversities.com .
A common mistake when writing an article is not distinguishing between primary and secondary citations. Having selected an idea from another scientific work, you need to figure out whether it belongs to the author or whether he quoted a colleague. If you do not do this, it will turn out that one person’s idea will be attributed to another, and this is a violation of copyright.
Hence the rule: it is necessary to quote the author, and not the one who used his thoughts when writing his article.
If there is no access to the original source or it is unknown, and in a scientific article it is necessary to focus attention on a certain idea, then you can format the citation differently. At the end of the sentence, put brackets and write "cit. by:" inside, and indicate the source of borrowing. If the original source is known, you can indicate both it and the secondary source from which the idea was taken (example in the picture).
Another important nuance is self-citation in poland number for whatsapp scientific articles. If the author cites his thoughts and ideas in the text, it is also better to format them as citations, i.e. put a link to the relevant work. The absence of a source will not be a mistake, but in the scientific community it is not welcomed.
Regardless of whether the author cites himself or other researchers, it is important to avoid excessive borrowing. This will help make the work independent, confirm its novelty, which is substantiated in the introduction to the scientific article . The second important rule is to take into account all the nuances of citation, which will help to avoid unintentional plagiarism and strictly observe copyright.World ranking of universities in Russia and abroad. Where is it worth studying?
Top 6 best universities in Russia and the world. Brief overview, features of submitting documents, stories and student advice for successful admission.
There are various authoritative university rankings on the Internet, and each of them may rank institutions differently. The overall composition of the top 50 in various sources coincides by 60-70%, since the assessment is carried out according to different criteria. The ranking of the best universities in the world is based on the version of the British rating agency Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), which annually presents its top higher education institutions to the world. As of 2021, more than 1,300 universities from 158 countries were assessed. Several factors were taken into account for each educational institution:
opinion of the academic community;
expert reviews;
student to faculty ratio;
citation index;
number of foreign teachers and students.
Russian universities are also included in the Quacquarelli Symond rating along with other higher education institutions of the world. Let's consider the 3 best foreign universities and the 3 most popular Russian universities. The latter are listed in the order in which they are indicated by the agency in their rating. You can read the full version yourself on the website www.topuniversities.com .