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Lebanon, officially the Lebanese Republic, is a small, mountainous country in Western Asia, located at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. It shares borders with Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Despite its small size, Lebanon boasts a highly diverse geography, from its long coastline and fertile coastal plains to the towering peaks of the Lebanon mountain range that run parallel to the coast, and the Beqaa Valley, a fertile agricultural plain to the east. Beirut, a vibrant and resilient city, serves as the capital and largest city, acting as the country's economic, political, and cultural hub.

Lebanon's history is incredibly rich and complex, influenced by numerous civilizations including the Phoenicians, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Crusaders, Ottomans, and French. It gained independence from lebanon mobile numbers list France in 1943. This long and varied history has created a unique cultural mosaic, characterized by a blend of Eastern and Western influences. The country is renowned for its sectarian diversity, with a population roughly split between Christians (Maronite, Greek Orthodox, Melkite Greek Catholic, Armenian Orthodox, etc.), Muslims (Sunni and Shi'a), and the Druze community. This delicate confessional balance is deeply embedded in its political system. Arabic is the official language, but French and English are also widely spoken, particularly in urban areas and among the educated elite. Lebanese culture is celebrated for its warm hospitality, sophisticated cuisine, vibrant arts scene, and a strong emphasis on family and community.

Economically, Lebanon has historically been known as a regional center for banking, finance, and tourism, often referred to as the "Switzerland of the Middle East." Its economy is largely driven by services, with a strong emphasis on banking, real estate, and tourism. The Lebanese diaspora, one of the largest in the world, plays a crucial role in the economy through remittances and investments. However, in recent years, Lebanon has faced severe economic challenges, including a major financial crisis, hyperinflation, and political instability. The massive explosion at the Port of Beirut in 2020 further exacerbated these difficulties. Despite these immense hurdles, the resilience and entrepreneurial spirit of the Lebanese people remain strong, with ongoing efforts to rebuild and stabilize the economy. The country continues to attract visitors to its historical sites, ski resorts, and lively nightlife, showcasing its enduring allure.