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Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island city-state located in maritime Southeast Asia, at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It consists of a main island and more than 60 smaller islets. It is bordered by the Straits of Johor to the north, separating it from Malaysia, and the Singapore Strait to the south, which connects it to the Riau Islands of Indonesia. As a highly urbanized island nation, Singapore has no distinct capital city in the traditional sense, as the entire country functions as a single metropolis. Its strategic location at the crossroads of major shipping lanes has been pivotal to its development. The country's geography is largely flat, but extensive land reclamation projects have significantly increased its land area over the decades.

History and Political Landscape:
Singapore's modern history began in 1819 when Sir Stamford Raffles established a trading post for the British East India Company. It grew into a significant port under British colonial rule. After Japanese singapore mobile numbers list occupation during World War II, Singapore briefly joined the Federation of Malaysia in 1963 but separated in 1965 to become an independent republic. Despite its small size and lack of natural resources, Singapore rapidly transformed into a prosperous nation under the leadership of its founding Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew.

Singapore is a parliamentary republic with a Westminster system of government. The People's Action Party (PAP) has been the dominant political party since 1959, maintaining a supermajority in Parliament. In the general election held on May 3, 2025, the PAP, now led by Prime Minister Lawrence Wong who succeeded Lee Hsien Loong in May 2024, secured a resounding victory, winning 87 out of 97 seats and 65.57% of the popular vote. This outcome reaffirms public confidence in the ruling party's leadership and ensures a predictable policy environment. While the PAP continues its unbroken rule, the Worker's Party (WP) also showed a disciplined and issue-focused campaign, indicating a desire among some voters for a stronger opposition voice and a more pluralistic political system.

Culture and Demographics:
Singapore is a vibrant multicultural society, a melting pot of various ethnicities, primarily Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Eurasian, reflecting its history as a major trading hub. English is the common language for business and government, while Malay, Mandarin Chinese, and Tamil are also official languages, representing the diverse linguistic heritage. The population, estimated at approximately 5.87 million at mid-2025, is almost entirely urbanized. Singapore is a secular state with a high degree of religious freedom, and Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Taoism, and Hinduism are widely practiced. Singaporean culture emphasizes meritocracy, multiculturalism, and social harmony, which is actively promoted through government policies. This unique blend is visible in its architecture, cuisine, and festivals, which celebrate the traditions of its various ethnic groups.