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Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, strategically located on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. It shares borders with Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south, and notably, nearly surrounds The Gambia, which occupies a narrow strip of land along the Gambia River. Dakar, located on the Cape Verde Peninsula, is the capital and largest city, serving as Senegal's economic and political hub. The country's landscape is diverse, featuring a predominantly Sahelian climate with a distinct rainy season, and encompassing a variety of ecosystems from semiarid grasslands to coastal areas and tropical rainforest fringes.

History and Political Landscape:
Senegal has a rich history rooted in ancient kingdoms like Ghana and Djolof, and it played a significant role in trans-Saharan trade routes. It became a French colony as part of French West Africa and gained senegal mobile numbers list independence in 1960. Senegal is recognized as one of Africa's most stable electoral democracies, having experienced peaceful transfers of power. In a significant political development, Bassirou Diomaye Diakhar Faye, an opposition candidate, was elected as the country's fifth president in the first round of the March 2024 elections, taking office in April 2024. This marked a historic shift, with the ruling party losing its majority for the first time since 1988. In the legislative elections held in November 2024, President Faye's PASTEF party secured a landslide victory, winning 130 out of 165 seats, which is expected to allow the new government to pursue its policy agenda with more vigor. The government has prioritized combating corruption and has initiated reviews of oil and gas contracts.

Culture and Demographics:
Senegalese culture is vibrant and diverse, a blend of influences from various ethnic groups and historical interactions. French is the official language, though Wolof is the most widely spoken lingua franca, understood by 80% of the population. The country has a population of over 18.8 million (2024 estimate), with the Wolof being the largest ethnic group (around 39%), followed by the Fula (27.5%) and Serer (16%). Islam is the predominant religion (over 95%), mainly adhering to Sufi brotherhoods, while Christians (mostly Roman Catholics) constitute a minority. Senegalese society is known for its strong sense of Teranga (hospitality), emphasis on community and family, and rich traditions in music (especially Mbalax), dance (particularly with the sabar drum), and storytelling by griots.